Pleurectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the pleura, which is the thin membrane that lines the chest cavity and covers the lungs. This procedure may be necessary for patients with certain types of lung cancer or mesothelioma, as well as for those with chronic pleural effusions (a buildup of fluid in the pleural space). Here are the steps involved in a typical pleurectomy procedure:
Anesthesia: The first step in any surgical procedure is to administer anesthesia. In the case of a pleurectomy, the patient will typically receive general anesthesia, which means they will be unconscious throughout the procedure.
Incision: Once the patient is asleep, the surgeon will make an incision in the chest wall, usually on the side where the pleura needs to be removed. The size and location of the incision will depend on the specific case and the surgeon’s preference.
Access the Pleural Space: The surgeon will then access the pleural space by separating the muscles and ribs. This can be done either by spreading the ribs apart or by removing a section of one or more ribs. Once the pleural space is open, the surgeon can visualize the pleura and determine the extent of the surgery required.
Removal of Pleura: The surgeon will then carefully remove the pleura from the chest wall and from around the lung. This is typically done using a combination of surgical instruments and electrocautery (a technique that uses heat to cut and cauterize tissue).
Control of Bleeding: As the pleura is removed, there may be some bleeding from the underlying tissues. The surgeon will take steps to control this bleeding using electrocautery, sutures, or other techniques.
Closure: Once the pleura has been completely removed, the surgeon will close the incision using sutures or staples. A drain may be left in place to allow any excess fluid or blood to drain from the pleural space.
Recovery: After the procedure is complete, the patient will be taken to the recovery room to be monitored closely. Pain medication and other treatments may be given to manage any discomfort or complications. The patient will typically stay in the hospital for several days to a week to recover from the surgery.
Overall, a pleurectomy is a complex surgical procedure that requires careful planning, skillful execution, and close postoperative monitoring. While it can be a highly effective treatment for certain conditions, it also carries some risks and potential complications, such as bleeding, infection, and damage to surrounding tissues. Patients considering a pleurectomy should discuss the risks and benefits with their surgeon and carefully weigh their options before deciding to undergo the procedure.
